Subchronic toxicity study in mice fed spirulina maxima. Keywordsacute toxicity arthrospira platensis bluegreen algaemethanol extract spirulina subchronic toxicity. Veterinarians prescribe spirulina to aid recovery, increase. In this study, we examined the effects of spirulina platensis, a multicellular filamentous bluegreen algae currently used worldwide as a food supplement, upon acute and subchronic treatments to rodents. Spirulina is the richest source of protein and provides 18 out of 22 amino acids that the body needs for normal growth and development. Cyanobacteria and cyanobacterial toxins in three alkaline rift valley. Deltamethrin treated animals revealed a significant increase in serum biochemical parameters as well as hepatic and renal lipid peroxidation but caused an. Physiology, cellbiology and biotechnology 9780748406746. For shortterm treatment, no signs of toxicity were observed within 7 days after feeding male swiss mice at the high dose of 30 and 10 gkg body weight of fresh and dried s. For the subchronic toxicity test, the extract at doses of 6, 12, and. Feb 19, 2020 the lone study suggests that spirulina is strongly effective in controlling allergies, with the symptoms of nasal discharge, sneezing, nasal congestion and itching being timedependently reduced. Spirulina supplement health benefits, dosage, side effects. A subchronic toxicity study of spirulina platensis article in food science and technology research 144.
Its inclusion with the phylum cyanobacteria as seen in figure 2 indicates that a. The extract did not produce any sign of toxicity within 7 days after feeding it at a single high dose of 6 g kg. Spirulina is widely marketed as a superfood and protein source, available commercially in capsules, tablets, and powder, as well as in some foods energy bars and smoothies. Abstract in this study, the methanol extract of arthrospira spirulina platensis was examined for acute and subchronic toxicities. Energy values and chemical composition of spirulina. You can count on it as not only a safe, green food that lowers cholesterol naturally, but one that has the potential to also lower your blood pressure, enhance your immunity, boost your nutrition, and fight inflammation and oxidation the key drivers of aging and disease. Spirulina through its range of b vitamins strengthens the immune system and builds resistance against diseases. In 1974, the united nations named spirulina one of the best foods for the future. It has a long history of use as food and it has been reported that it has been used during the aztec civilization.
A subchronic toxicity study of spirulina platensis dois. In this study, the extraction of phycocyanin from wet biomass figure 1. Hum exp toxicol 2020 jan 31 protective effects of spirulina against hematobiochemical alterations, nephrotoxicity, and dna damage upon lead exposition. Oct 19, 2010 spirulina refers to the dried biomass of arthrospira platensis, an oxygenic photosynthetic bacterium found worldwide in fresh and marine waters. Spirulina upregulates these key cells and organs, improving their ability to function in spite of stresses from environmental toxins and infectious agents 2,10,12,14,15,16. Longterm effect of spirulina platensis extract on dmbainduced hamster buccal pouch carcinogenesis immunohistochemical study. In a study about the hypocholesterolemic action of spirulina platensis in rats, nagaoka et al. Encapsulated dried spirulina platensis as well as spirulina tablet have been.
Dec 06, 2018 what are the dangers of spirulina spirulina, a microscopic bluegreen algae that grows in warm water, is a rich source of the bcomplex vitamins thiamin, riboflavin and niacin. In addition, the aqueous extract of spirulina triggered a cell cycle arrest of hsc at the g2m phase. Effect of ph on phytochemical and antibacterial activities of. Effect of microalga spirulina platensis arthrospira. This article needs additional citations for verification.
Oct 08, 2007 the final chapters look at neurobiology and spirulina s effect on aging as well as potential interactions with pharmaceuticals or other bioavailable compounds. At the end of each 2 hour run, exercise performance and respiratory quotient were tested for both placebo and spirulina. Earlier studies with both animals and humans have revealed that lead toxicity can. While i was recording the footage, i had to hold the webcam onto the microscope eyepiece, which is the reason for the slight movements.
Spirulina platensis was examined for acute and subchronic toxicities. Spirulina phycocyanin builds blood spirulina has a dark bluegreen color, because it is rich in a brilliant blue polypeptide called phycocyanin. The results showed that plasma concentrations of malondialdehyde. This alga represents an important staple diet in humans and has been used as a source of protein and vitamin supplement in humans without any significant sideeffects. Pdf in this study, the methanol extract of arthrospira spirulina platensis was examined for acute and. Hypolipidemic, antioxidant and antiinflammatory activities of. Therefore, the present study was undertaken to examine the hepatonephroprotective and antioxidant potential of spirulina platensis against deltamethrin toxicity in male wistar albino rats. To estimate the potential influence of toxic cyanobacteria on these mass deaths. Scenedesmus, spirulina cells do not have cellulose walls, but a relatively fragile envelope of murein 3, 10, 27. Possible role of arthrospira platensis in reversing oxidative stress.
Preventive effects of spirulina platensis on skeletal muscle. It is promoted as a preventive or treatment for a wide range of health problems. Antioxidant and anticancer activity of spirulina platensis water extracts 1,2 abeer a. Arthrospira platensis, also known as spirulina, is a gram negative, nontoxic species of cyanobacteria with a wide array of uses in the natural and commercial world. Keywordsacute toxicity arthrospira platensis blue green algaemethanol extract spirulina subchronic toxicity. Spirulina helps maintain normal and healthy eyesight.
Invivo subchronic toxicity of spirulina platensis has been done. Pdf invivo subchronic toxicity test of spirulina platensis. For the subchronic toxicity test, the extract at doses of 6, 12, and 24 mg kg. The alga ingestion had no effect on behavior, food and water intake, growth or survival. Spirulina platensis cells, selection of ultrasonic frequency was important. Multiple studies investigating the efficacy and the potential clinical applications of of toxicity were observed within 7 days after feeding male swiss mice at the high dose of 30 and 10 gkg body weight of fresh and dried s. Evaluation of the toxicity of arthrospira spirulina. Jun 17, 2011 i jerry rigged a usb webcam onto my microscope. Jan 21, 2010 in this study, the methanol extract of arthrospira spirulina platensis was examined for acute and subchronic toxicities. Accumulation of mercury and other elements by spirulina cyanophyceae nutr rep int. Jul 17, 2019 spirulina is used by some people to help with allergies and asthma. Sep 09, 20 therefore, the present study was undertaken to examine the hepatonephroprotective and antioxidant potential of spirulina platensis against deltamethrin toxicity in male wistar albino rats. This text contains detailed descriptions of both the biology and the biotechnological uses of spirulina platensis, a bluegreen algae, which has been recognized and used worldwide as a traditional source of protein in the food.
Safety assessment of spirulina platensis through sprague dawley. It has the ability to modulate immune functions and exhibits antiinflammatory properties by inhibiting the release of histamine by mast cells. Thus spirulina requires no cooking or special treatment to increase the availability of its. In conclusion, chlorella vulgaris and spirulina platensis showed potential alleviative. Early studies were mainly focused on the nutritional value of spirulina as a food source. The objective of this study was to determine the chemical and energy composition of spirulina spirulina platensis, the nutrient metabolizability coefficients, and the values of apparent metabolizable energy ame and the apparent metabolizable energy corrected for nitrogen balance amen in broilers. Monosodium glutamate c5h9no4na with purity 99% nt was sold in most open. Blood samples were taken after finishing the bruce incremental treadmill exercise before and after treatment.
Of these, arthrospira platensis is the most common and widely available spirulina and most of the published research and public health decision refers to this specific species. Protective role of spirulina platensis against acute. Sp on modulating hepatic impairments as consequences of subacute exposure to a. A subchronic toxicity study of spirulina platensis. Discussion e response of male rats to the protective e ects of s. Mar 28, 2018 spirulina can help boost aerobic performance as shown in a study done of 9 moderately trained males. In this study, we examined the effects of spirulina platensis, a multicellular filamentous bluegreen algae currently used worldwide as a food supplement, upon. Phyocyanin extraction from microalgae spirulina platensis. Medlineplus, national institutes of health, retrieved june 16. Nutritional and toxicological aspects of spirulina arthrospira. Evaluation of the toxicity of arthrospira spirulina platensis. Spirulina are multicellular and filamentous bluegreen microalgae belonging to two separate genera spirulina and arthrospira and consists of about 15 species. Aug 30, 2006 the effects of spirulina supplementation on preventing skeletal muscle damage on untrained human beings were examined. May 04, 2020 spirulina is a true superfood not to be ignored.
Each of them took either 6 grams per day of spirulina supplement or placebo for 4 weeks. Annexinv staining showed that aqueous extract of spirulina induced apoptosis of hsc after 12 h of treatment. The yield of phycocyanin in crude extract was depended on ultrasonic frequency vilkhu et al. Spirulina is a microscopic and filamentous cyanobacterium that derives its name from the spiral or helical nature of its filaments. For the subchronic toxicity study, two separate experiments were also performed to evaluate both forms of s. In the present study, the role of arthrospira spirulina platensis. This explains the very high digestibility of its proteins 8390% in ordinary dried spirulina, as against 95. Research article antioxidant potential of spirulina platensis. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Study on effect and mechanism of polysaccharides of spirulina platensis on body immune functions improvement. It provides 4 grams of protein in each tablespoon, making it a practical protein source for vegetarians and vegans. This paper presents the antiviral activity found in a hot water extract hwe of a commercial preparation of spirulina maxima, studied by a microplate inhibition assay, using several viruses. This study presents the effect of ph changes on productivity of spirulina platensis. According to selfreports, more than twice as many subjects in the spirulina group reported more than a 2fold increase in satisfaction with treatment.
Spirulina or arthrospira is a bluegreen alga that became famous after it was successfully used by nasa as a dietary supplement for astronauts on space missions. Spirulina is used by some people to help with diabetes or high cholesterol levels. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the toxicity of spirulina maxima, a bluegreen alga used as food supplement and food coloring, after weeks of treatment. In this study, the methanol extract of arthrospira spirulina platensis was examined for acute and subchronic toxicities. Evaluation of chemoprevention of oral cancer with spirulina fusiformis. Spirulina platensis protects against renal injury in rats with gentamicininduced acute tubular necrosis. Antioxidant and anticancer activity of spirulina platensis. In a study with spirulina platensis concentrate spc, it was found that spc could bind.
Antiviral activity of spirulina maxima against herpes simplex. Health safety of spirulina spirulina platensis for food application was evaluated through hematology and histopathology of liver. The mobility of psi and pq molecules in spirulina platensis cells during state transition. Extensively detailed and heavily referenced, spirulina in human nutrition and health is the definitive work on this highly nutritious food source. Fluorouracil 5fu is an anticancer drug with cardiac toxicity and such. Spirulina refers to the dried biomass of arthrospira platensis, an oxygenic photosynthetic bacterium found worldwide in fresh and. Pdf evaluation of the toxicity of arthrospira spirulina platensis. Spirulina has been used in a variety of practical applications in biotechnology and medical sciences. Pdf a subchronic toxicity study of spirulina platensis semantic.
Sharaf 1 department of biology, faculty of science, taif university, p. When given spirulina, old cats and dogs with dull, thinning coats have been seen to develop thick, lustrous coats. Evaluation of the alleviative role of chlorella vulgaris and spirulina. Sixteen students volunteered to take spirulina platensis in addition to their normal diet for 3weeks.
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